PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY OF COVID-19 INFECTED PATIENTS WITH ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY

Received 2023-03-26; Accepted 2023-06-12; Published 2023-10-10

Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a condition brought on by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) where this virus is highly contagious. In several studies, acute kidney injury was associated with the cause of death. This study aimed to analyze what factors played a role as predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients who experienced acute kidney injury.

Method: This study used a one-center retrospective cohort method where the study was conducted at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Statistical analysis of multivariate logistic regression was performed, and the results were presented in the form of an odds ratio (OR), with a p-value considered significant < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval.
Results: A total of 498 COVID-19 patients with acute kidney injury were included in this study. Our research found that 153 subjects (30.7%) died. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the largest OR value was the D-dimer value variable, namely 2.102 (95% CI: 1.361-3.247), which means that COVID-19 patients with acute kidney injury who have a D-dimer value of ≥ 1.2 mg/L have the possibility of experiencing mortality within 30 days was 2.1 times greater than in patients with D-dimer values < 1.2 mg/L. The next variables were albumin value < 3.5 g/dL (OR 2.015, 95% CI: 0.992-4.091), history of hypertension (OR 2.003, 95% CI: 1.343-2.988).
Conclusion: Our study found that a history of hypertension, higher than normal D-dimer levels, and hypoalbuminemia were predictors of mortality in patients with acute kidney injury who were infected with COVID-19.