Konsep Wakālah dalam Pengurusan Zakat Pendidikan: Analisis Fiqh Terhadap Amalan Pelantikan Amil di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia
The Concept of Wakālah in the Management of Zakat for Education: A Fiqh Analysis of the Practice of Appointing Amil in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22452/basirah.vol15no2.5Keywords:
wakālah, assistant amil, zakat governance, zakat education, higher education institutionsyAbstract
This article analyses the application of the concept of wakālah in the management of zakat for education in Malaysia, with particular emphasis on the practice of appointing amil at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). In the context of modern zakat administration, the appointment of HEI amil through wakālah contracts functions as a governance instrument that links the authority of zakat institutions with the operational needs of zakat management at the institutional level. Using a conceptual research approach and document analysis, the discussion of fiqh muʿāmalāt on wakālah is systematically elaborated, covering its definition, pillars and conditions, termination of wakālah contracts, and provisions for remuneration for delegated wakālah services. These fiqh principles are then directly mapped onto the current practices of appointing amil at Malaysian HEIs to assess the alignment between fiqh theory and institutional governance realities. The discussion demonstrates that the practice of appointing HEI amil through wakālah is consistent with the fundamental principles of Islamic jurisprudence. However, the effectiveness and Shariah robustness of this practice depend on the clarity of mandate, governance structures, and monitoring mechanisms implemented. This article contributes to strengthening the understanding of the concept of wakālah in the context of zakat education and provides a more robust theoretical foundation for improving policies and practices related to the appointment of amil at Higher Education Institutions in Malaysia.
Downloads
References
‛Abd al-Raḥmān Muḥammad ʽAud al-Jazīrī, al-Fiqh ʽalā al-Madhāhib al-Arba‛ah (Kaherah: Mu’assasah al-Mukhtār, 2001), jil. 3.
Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā bin Sharf al-Nawāwī, Rawḍah al-Ṭālibīn (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʽIlmiyyah, 2003), jil. 3.
Ahcene Lahsasna, Q&A In Islamic Finance (Kuala Lumpur: CERT Publication Sdn. Bhd., 2010).
Azman Ab Rahman dan Muhammad Faiz Abd Shakor, “Pengurusan Amil Zakat di Institusi Pengajian Tnggi: Isu dan Cabaran,” Jurnal Pengurusan dan Penyelidikan Fatwa 29, no. 1 (2024), 142-152.
Azman Ab Rahman, Ammar Badruddin Romli, Muhammad Faiz Abd Shakor, Mohd Noor Daud dan Azme Matali. “Amalan Wakalah Pengurusan Zakat di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia.” Journal of Fatwa Management and Research 29, no. 3 (2024): 80-89.
Hailani Muji Tahir dan Sanep Ahmad, Aplikasi Fiqh Muamalat dalam Sistem Kewangan Islam (Shah Alam: Pusat Penerbitan Universiti (UPENA), 2009).
Ibn Manzūr, Lisān al-ʽArāb (Beirut: Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-ʽArabiy, 1997), jil. 15.
Islamic Banking and Finance Institute Malaysia, Buku Panduan Asas Takaful, ed. ke-2 (Kuala Lumpur: Islamic Banking and Finance Institute Malaysia (IBFIM), 2010).
Kamus Dewan, ed. ke-4 (Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2005), entri “wakalah”.
Majmaʽ al-Lughah al-‛Arabiyyah, al-Mu‛jam al-Wasīṭ (t.tp, t.p, 1985) jil. 2.
Mohammad Noorazlan Md Ismail dan Nor Aini Ali. “Simulasi Bantuan Zakat oleh Penolong Amil Institusi Pengajian Tinggi di Selangor.” Online Journal of Islamic Management and Finance (OJIMF) 2, no. 2 (2022): 103-116.
Mohammad Noorazlan Md Ismail, Nor Aini Ali dan Suhaili Sarif, “Praktis Pelantikan Penolong Amil Institusi Pengajian Tinggi di Selangor,” Advances in Humanities and Contemporary Studies 4, no. 2 (2023), 150-159.
Muhammad Rizal Jalil, Hairunnizam Wahid dan Sanep Ahmad. “Lokalisasi Unit Zakat Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Sebagai Model One Stop Center Agihan Zakat Pendidikan.” Journal of Fatwa Management and Research 10, no. 1 (2017): 51-72.
Mushaddad Hasbullah,Syahnaz Sulaiman, Hakimah Hamir dan Azman Ab Rahman. “Model Tabdir Urus Zakat Universiti Awam: Perbandingan Pusat Wakaf Dan Zakat (PWZ) dan Pusat Pengurusan Wakaf, Zakat dan Endowmen (WAZAN),” Journal of Fatwa Management and Research 29, no. 2 (2024), 127-143.
Muṣṭafā al-Khīn, Muṣṭafā al-Bughā dan ʽĀlī al-Sharbajī, al-Fiqh al-Manhājī ʽalā Madhhab al-Imāmi al-Shāfiʽī (Damsyik: Dār al-ʽUlūm al-Insāniah, 1996), jil. 3.
Nazrudin Hashim, Ismail Ahmad Azri Bhari, Mohd Ashrof, Zaki Yaakob, Mohd Faiz Mohamed Yusof, Noraizad Rosli dan Intan Nurrachmi. “Issues and Challenges in Zakat Management in Malaysian Public Higher Educational Institution,” International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences 14, no. 8 (2024), 2089-2102.
Rosliza @ Rosli Mahmud, Sanep Ahmad, Abdul Basir Haji Mohamad dan Shofian Hj Ahmad. “Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Sebagai Model Melokalisasikan Urus Tadbir Zakat di Malaysia.” Jurnal Muamalat 7 (2014): 133-161.
Sayyid Sābiq, Fiqh al-Sunnah (Kaherah: Dār al-Miṣr li al-Ṭibāʽah, t.t), jil. 3.
Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad al-Khāṭib al-Sharbīnī, Mughnī al-Muḥtāj (Beirut: Dār al-Maʽrifah, 1997), jil. 2.
Sigit Prian, Suhartono dan Rifqi, “The Concept of Wakālah and Modern Agency in Contemporary Islamic Law,” Lentera Peradaban: Journal on Islamic Studies 1, no. 3 (2025): 171-187.
Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī, al-Fiqh al-Islāmī wa Adillatuh (Damsyik: Dār al-Fikr, 1985), jil. 4.
Wahbah al-Zuhaylī, Fiqh dan Perundangan Islam, terj. Ahmad Shahbari Salamon (Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1999), jil. 5.
Wizārah al-Awqāf wa al-Shu’ūn al-Islāmiyyah, al-Mawsūʽah al-Fiqhiyyah al-Kuwaytiyyah (Kuwait: Dāral-Salāsil, 2006), jil. 15.
Zulkifli Mohamad al-Bakri, Kewangan Islam dalam Fiqh Shafi’i (Kuala Lumpur: IBFIM, 2011).
