Doktrin Timur Tengah Baharu

The New Middle East Doctrine

Abstract

This study discusses the New Middle East doctrine introduced by the United States in its effort to transform the Middle East into a peaceful and stable region based on democracy. The study employs a qualitative method and library research by analysing various primary and secondary sources. The findings indicate that the New Middle East doctrine was a response by the United States to the September 11, 2001 bombing attacks. The events of September 11, 2001 became the starting point for the United States to expand this doctrine in the Middle East, which eventually led to military operations in Iraq. This doctrine also aimed to promote democratic governance as a replacement for Middle Eastern rulers who practised authoritarian rule. The study also confirms the involvement of the United States through the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) in shaping movements and efforts to transform the Middle East into a democratic region through the New Middle East doctrine.