Nippon Kaigi: Gerakan Kebangkitan Nasionalisme Jepun
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Abstract
Nippon Kaigi merupakan kumpulan pendesak berhaluan kanan yang berpengaruh di Jepun. Keahliannya bukan sahaja dalam kalangan orang biasa, tetapi juga ahli politik berpengaruh, golongan profesional, peniaga, kumpulan agama, presiden universiti, ahli akademik dan ketua hakim. Matlamat mereka adalah untuk membina sebuah negara Jepun yang penduduknya berbangga menjadi rakyatnya (nasionalisme). Artikel ini membincangkan gerakan untuk membangkitkan nasionalisme oleh Nippon Kaigi di Jepun dan bagaimana mereka mencapai matlamat yang disasarkan. Ia dibahagikan kepada tiga bahagian iaitu pengenalan tentang Nippon Kaigi, kesongsangan Jepun sekarang sehingga menimbulkan keperluan membangkitkan semangat nasionalisme dan gerakan membangkitkan semangat tersebut. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa pergerakan pertubuhan ini tidak melalui keganasan dan kekerasan seperti yang dilakukan oleh pertubuhan haluan kanan di negara-negara lain tetapi melalui aktiviti propaganda politik. Untuk menyebarkan ideologi dalam kalangan orang ramai, ia meletakkan keutamaan tertinggi dalam perhimpunan besar, mengumpul tandatangan dan meluluskan resolusi dewan tempatan di seluruh negara. Dalam erti kata itu, Nippon Kaigi menggunakan pendekatan baharu untuk pergerakan sivil berhaluan kanan.
Nippon Kaigi is an influential right-wing pressure group in Japan. Its membership is not only among the ordinary people but also influential politicians, professionals, businessmen, religious groups, academics and chief justices. Their goal is to build a nation whose people are proud to be citizens (nationalism). The article discusses the movement by Nippon Kaigi to nurture nationalism in Japan and how it achieved its goals. The article is divided into several parts, namely the introduction of Nippon Kaigi, the oddity of current Japanese society which led to the need for a spirit of nationalism and the movement in Japan. The study found that the activities of this organization are not through violence but by political propaganda activities. In order to disseminate its ideology among the citizens, it holds assemblies, collecting signatures and calls for local assembly approval across the country. In other words, Nippon Kaigi has employed a new approach to advance right-wing movements.
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